2023年贵州成人高考专升本英语语法复习：状语从句

状语从句可以用来表示时间、地址、条件、缘由、目的、结果、行为方法、比较、让步等。

1)时间状语从句

常见的关联词有when， whenever， before， after， while， as， once，until，since， as soon as等。时间和条件状语从句中表示以后的状况一般用一般目前时。如：

When you cross a road， you must be careful.

It will not be long before we meet again.

She comes here every month since she was a child to see her grandmother.

As soon as I know it， Ill tell you.

2)地址状语从句

关联词有 where 和 wherever.如：

Sit down wherever you like.

Put it where you found it.

3)条件状语从句

关联词有if， unless， as / so long as，in case等。如：

As/So long as we dont give up， we are bound to succeed.

In case I gorget， please remind me of that.

If it snows tomorrow， we will stay at home.

I will do anything as long as it is interesting.

4)缘由状语从句

关联词有because， as， since，now that，that等。

As I didnt know the way， I asked a policeman.

Since no one is against， well adopt the proposal.

Seeing that shes ill， shes unlikely to come.

Not that I dislike the work， but that I have no time.

4)缘由状语从句

because， as since， for 皆为由于时有什么区别：

a.because 语气最强，用以回答why引导的问句。它可和强调词only， just与否定词not连用，其所引导的从句常坐落于主句之后，只有强调时才置于主句之前。Because从句还可以用于强调结构，如It was because I wanted to see my mother that I went to Beijing last month.

b.As语气较弱，较口语化，所表是什么原因比较明显，或是已知的事实，所以不需要强调。As从句之前不可用强调句和not， 也不可用于强调结构。As从句多置于主句之前。

c.Since 的语气也比较弱，常表示他们已知的事实，总是等于汉语的既然。它和as 一样，其前也不可用强调词和not， 也不可用强调结构。

d.For 和上述三个从属连词不同，它是一个等立连词，比较文气。它有时可用来作附加说明，We must get rid of carelessness， for it often leads to errors. 大家必须要克服粗心大意的问题，由于这常致使错误。

5)目的状语从句

关联词有so that， in order that， for fear that， in case等。

Speak clearly so that they may understand you.

He spoke slowly in order that everyone should understand.

Ive got the key in case we want to go inside.

6)结果状语从句

关联词有so that， sothat， suchthat等。such+名词，so+形容词，副词。

Its such a good chance that we cant miss it.

He was so angry that he could not speak.

Everybody lent a hand so that the work was finished ahead of time.

7)方法状语从句

关联词主要有as和as if， as though.

He looks as if hes tired.

I did just as you told me.

8)让步状语从句

关联词有though， although， as， even if， even though， no matter， whatever， however等。

Though I am fond of music， I cant play any instrument.

Although it is difficult， well do it.

Whatever you say， I dont believe you.

as 引导让步状语从句时， 句子需要倒装。

Try as you may， you will never succeed.

Young as she is， she is already familiar with most of the stories.

Old as I am， I can still climb the mountain.

9)比较状语从句

关联词主要有than和as。

I can walk faster than you can run.

He spent twice as much time on this picture as on that one.

He woke up as suddenly as he had fallen asleep.

1. If anybody |||||| me while Im out， tell him Ill call him back later on.

A. phones B. will phone C. is phoning D. phoned

答案 A

2. We must begin testing the instrument， no matter ||||||| difficult it is.

A. what B. how C. when D. where

答案 B

3. Ill leave him a note |||||||| hell know where we are.

A. so that B. that C. in order D. for

答案 A

4. |||||||| he worked all day， he couldnt finish the job.

A. Even B. In case C. Although D. In spite of

in case 万一

in spite of 尽管，引导短语

答案 C

5. |||||||| to New York， her father has not heard from her.

A. Because she went B. After she went

C. When she went D. Since she went

答案 D

6. Did you return Freds call?

I dont need to ||||||| Ill see him tomorrow.

A though B. because C. otherwise D. unless

答案 B

7. My uncle comes in from Iran tonight.

How long has it been ||||||| you last saw him?

A. since B. as C. while D. when

答案 A

8. The size of the audience， ||||||||| we had expected， was well over one thousand.

A. whom B. as C. who D. that

well over 超越

答案 B

复合句部分除去应注意依据句子意思的需要选择适合的关联词外，还应注意以下几个方面：

所有些从句都要用陈述句的句序。如：

1.They want to know |||||||| do to help us.

A. what can they B. what they can

C. how they can D. how can they

2.Excuse me， sir. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?

时间及条件状语从句，even if 、even though引导的让步状语从句，总是用一般目前时表示以后的状况，主句用一般以后时。

1.We promise that we will meet again after we ||||||| our college education in three years time.

A. finish B. will finish C. have finished D. will have finished

2.If Mary ||||||||， tell her Ill call her back as soon as I return.

A. call B. calls C. called D. is going to call

3.Even if it |||||||||| tomorrow， the sports meet will take place.

A. will rain B. rains C. rain D. has rained

what和that 有什么区别

what可以引导主语、宾语、表语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语，有其具体的意思。

that 可以引导主语、宾语、表语、同位语、定语从句，在前四种从句中that 没任何具体的意思，也不充当从句的任何成分，所以当从句意义和结构完整时，关联词总是选择that.

1.||||||| we will do next is still under discussion.

A. That B. When C. Where D. What

2.He found at last ||||||| he had been looking for.

A. that B. what C. where D. which

3.He was overcome by the fear ||||||||| he had lung cancer.

A. which B. what C. that D. of

4.The doctor insists that my brother give up smoking.

that 在定语从句中可以指代先行词，表示人或物，作从句的主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略，但不可以置于介词之后。当先行词为不定代词，或有only， very， first或形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句的主语或宾语一般需用that.that不能引导非限定性定语从句。

1.I need a coat that / which is both warm and light in weight.

2.Is this the boyyou were looking for?

3.At first the old man seemed unwilling to accept anything

|||||||was offered him by my friend and me.

A. that B. which C. what D. it

4.This is the very factory ||||||| we visited for the first

time in 1996.

A. where B. which C. that D. what

5.More and more young people like playing football， ||||||| is

an exciting game.

A. what B. which C. that D. because

when和where在定语从句中可以分别指代先行词所表示的时间和地址，但在从句只能作状语，总是可以与介词 +which结构互换。

1.I still remember the place |||||| our class once did some field work.

A. there B. which C. where D. when

2.We visited the house where / in which Lu Xun lived in Shanghai.

3.I still remember the year |||||||| I first came to this beautiful city.

A. which B. in which C. when D. Both B and C